DESFLURANE

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	C3H2F6O
Molecular Weight	168.0378
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

FC(F)OC(F)C(F)(F)F

InChI

InChIKey=DPYMFVXJLLWWEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C3H2F6O/c4-1(3(7,8)9)10-2(5)6/h1-2H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30725791 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020118s024lbl.pdf

Desflurane is a non-flammable liquid administered via vaporizer as a general anesthetic. It is halogenated exclusively with fluorine and is very resistant to defluorination. For this reason, it is not associated with nephrotoxicity, as is the case with other inhalational anesthetics. Desflurane is indicated for the induction and/or maintenance of anesthesia and adults, and for maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients following the induction with other agents.

Approval Year

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
skeletal muscle relaxation 7 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/020118s024lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8429	SUPRANE Approved Use Suprane is an inhalation agent indicated for induction and/or maintenance of anesthesia in adults, for maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients following induction with agents other than Suprane (desflurane, USP) and intubation. Launch Date 1992

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	Other AEs: Airways obstruction, Breath holding... Other AEs: Airways obstruction (4%) Breath holding (3%) Bronchospasm (1%) Coughing (26%) Hiccups (1%) Laryngospasm (13%) Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Bronchospasm	1%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download
Hiccups	1%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download
Laryngospasm	13%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download
Coughing	26%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download
Breath holding	3%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download
Airways obstruction	4%	0.7 MAC single, respiratory (mean) Recommended Dose: 0.7 MAC Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 0.7 MAC Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download	unhealthy, 2-16 n = 300 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: surgery Age Group: 2-16 Population Size: 300 Sources: https://www.fda.gov/media/92113/download

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
Kv1.5 26	CYP2E1 667

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
Kv1.5 41	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32436224/	yes

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
CYP2E1 667	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19442086/ \| https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8214760/	likely

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:4445	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:4445
ChemicalBook	CB2304120	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB2304120
eMolecules	907267	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=907267

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Comparison of the influence of desflurane nitrous oxide anesthesia to propofol nitrous oxide anesthesia on rocuronium bromide induced neuromuscular block.	2001	11732388
Desflurane, compared to halothane, augments phenylephrine-induced contraction in isolated rat aorta smooth muscle.	2001 Apr	11339778
A double-blind, randomized comparison of low-dose rocuronium and atracurium in a desflurane anesthetic.	2001 Aug	11498311
EEG complexity as a measure of depth of anesthesia for patients.	2001 Dec	11759923
The effects of increasing concentrations of isoflurane and desflurane on pulmonary perfusion and systemic oxygenation during one-lung ventilation in pigs.	2001 Dec	11726419
Protective effects of volatile agents against methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in rats.	2001 Feb	11176101
Desflurane or sevoflurane for gynaecological day-case anaesthesia with spontaneous respiration?	2001 Feb	11167479
Clinical evaluation of the Mapleson theoretical ideal fresh gas flow sequence at the start of low-flow anaesthesia with isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane.	2001 Feb	11167476
Smoking status and body size increase carbon monoxide concentrations in the breathing circuit during low-flow anesthesia.	2001 Feb	11159265
Intravenous opioids reduce airway irritation during induction of anaesthesia with desflurane in adults.	2001 Jan	11575399
Model-based administration of inhalation anaesthesia. 1. Developing a system model.	2001 Jan	11575385
Gene therapy with vascular endothelial growth factor for inoperable coronary artery disease: anesthetic management and results.	2001 Jan	11133594
Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroencephalographic effects of desflurane.	2001 Jul	11465580
A comparison of the transient hyperemic response test and the static autoregulation test to assess graded impairment in cerebral autoregulation during propofol, desflurane, and nitrous oxide anesthesia.	2001 Jul	11429360
[Anesthetic concepts with volatile anesthetics].	2001 Jun	11475632
The effect of sevoflurane and desflurane on upper airway reactivity.	2001 Jun	11465621
Lack of degradation of sevoflurane by a new carbon dioxide absorbent in humans.	2001 Jun	11465591
Blockade of AMPA receptors and volatile anesthetics: reduced anesthetic requirements in GluR2 null mutant mice for loss of the righting reflex and antinociception but not minimum alveolar concentration.	2001 Mar	11374610
Mathematical modeling of carbon monoxide exposures from anesthetic breakdown: effect of subject size, hematocrit, fraction of inspired oxygen, and quantity of carbon monoxide.	2001 Mar	11374606
Physical factors affecting the production of carbon monoxide from anesthetic breakdown.	2001 Mar	11374605
Minimal alveolar concentration of desflurane in combination with an infusion of medetomidine for the anaesthesia of ponies.	2001 Mar 3	11292086
Carbon monoxide production from desflurane, enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane with dry soda lime.	2001 Nov	11684991
Viscosity and density of common anaesthetic gases: implications for flow measurements.	2001 Oct	11878731
Measuring the costs of inhaled anaesthetics.	2001 Oct	11878724
Oxidative stress status during exposure to propofol, sevoflurane and desflurane.	2001 Oct	11574369
Desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane affect left atrial active and passive mechanical properties and impair left atrial-left ventricular coupling in vivo: analysis using pressure-volume relations.	2001 Sep	11575543
Phantom anaesthetic vapour.	2002 Feb	11871975
Fresh gas flow is not the only determinant of volatile agent consumption: a multi-centre study of low-flow anaesthesia.	2002 Jan	11881883
Comparison of Amsorb, sodalime, and Baralyme degradation of volatile anesthetics and formation of carbon monoxide and compound a in swine in vivo.	2002 Jan	11753018
The relationship between acceleromyographic train-of-four fade and single twitch depression.	2002 Mar	11873031

Name

Type

Language

DESFLURANE

Official Name

English

desflurane [INN]

Common Name

English

I-653

Code

English

DESFLURANE [USAN]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Desflurane [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ETHANE, 2-(DIFLUOROMETHOXY)-1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUORO-, (±)-

Systematic Name

English

DESFLURANE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [JAN]

Common Name

English

(±)-2-DIFLUOROMETHYL 1,2,2,2-TETRAFLUOROETHYL ETHER

Common Name

English

SUPRANE

Brand Name

English

DESFLURANE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [MI]

Common Name

English

DESFLURANE [MART.]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-ATC

N01AB07